These geographical wonders come in various shapes and sizes, but there are two main types – composite volcanoes, which are cone-shaped with steep slopes, and shield volcanoes, which are wide with gentle slopes.

However, the active volcanoes of the Cascade Mountain Range also place California, Oregon, and Washington at risk. If you’ve ever tried throwing a leaf or piece of paper in the air, you’ve experienced air resistance limiting how high something can go. S., volcanoes along the west coast and in Alaska (Aleutian volcanic chain) are part of the Ring of Fire, while Yellowstone and Hawaiian volcanoes form over a "hot spot. Yellowstone hosts the world's largest and most diverse collection of natural thermal features, which are the surface expression of magmatic heat at shallow depths in the crust. In the United States, volcanoes in the Cascade Range and Alaska (Aleutian volcanic chain) are part of the Ring, while Hawaiian volcanoes form over a 'hot spot' near the center of the Ring.Follow Livia and her pack on the day that Mount Vesuvius erupts - how will Livia and the rest of her pack survive the devastation? A volcano has three categories to fall under: Extinct (was a volcano but will never erupt again or is not expected), Dormant (has not erupted in thousands of years but is likely to erupt again), Active (has the potential to erupt at any stage or has erupted since the last ice age). Information is accompanied by amazing illustrations and photographs that put facts into context for children.

The pressure causes gases and rock to shoot up through the opening and spill over with lava fragments.

The danger from most volcanoes is from the ash cloud and blast; however, lava flow from some volcanoes can be especially dangerous. Miles Kelly is an independent UK children's book publisher, producing high-quality , affordable books for kids . Facts Volcanoes includes key topics about powerful and dangerous volcanoes in easily-digestible, numbered facts.

An active volcano is one that has erupted within the last 10,000 years or it has some type of activity going on. Volcanoes have been a part of our world dating as far back as 1500 BC and are on every continent of our world, including Antarctica. Incredibly, the large, molten lake is thought to be about 1000 degrees Celsius and larger than two football pitches! Volcanoes can trigger tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, pyroclastic flow, mudflows, lava flows, ash, avalanches, and poisonous gas.In northern California and Oregon, many shield volcanoes are up to 3 or 4 miles wide and as tall as 1,500 to 2,000 feet. On land, volcanoes are often found along the edges of tectonic plates, and beneath the ocean, they form underwater mountain ranges.

The liquid magma pushes up, and up, and up, until it finds cracks in the Earth’s surface to burst through.They are thought to be widespread along the mid-Atlantic ridge located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. volcano, vent in the crust of Earth or another planet or satellite, from which issue eruptions of molten rock, hot rock fragments, and hot gases. Over 75 percent of the world's active and dormant volcanoes are located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is an arc of intense volcanic activity stretching from the west coast of the Americas, the east coast of Siberia, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, and in island chains from New Guinea to New Zealand. Mini projects and quizzes encourage children to recap and revise what they have read, cementing the learning with either hands-on or spoken repetition.